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Zombie Cells: How to Remove Them and Increase Longevity

Key Points:

  • Senescent or "zombie" cells accumulate with age and contribute to tissue aging and disease. 
  • Both natural methods and pharmaceutical approaches can eliminate these problematic cells. 
  • The immune system plays a crucial role in clearing senescent cells. 
  • Targeting zombie cells shows promise for preventing multiple age-related diseases. 
  • The term "zombie cells" appears in different biological contexts, with similar themes of cellular dysfunction.

Table of Contents

What Are Zombie Cells?

Zombie cells are a colorful way to describe what scientists call senescent cells. Much like zombies from say, The Walking Dead, zombie cells exist in a kind of interim state between life and death, wreaking havoc and causing harm to the body in the process.

Unlike normal cells that divide and die in a healthy fashion, these senescent cells exist in a state where they don't die but also stop dividing. They're essentially trapped in a cellular limbo — they don't function properly, but remain in the tissues throughout the body. 

These cells develop when they experience stress or damage. Instead of undergoing the typical cell death (apoptosis), senescent cells survive in the body, taking up vital space while also essentially causing problems. They produce inflammatory compounds, enzymes that degrade tissues, and other harmful molecules. 

How Do Senescent Cells Affect the Aging Process?

With age, zombie cells accumulate throughout bodily tissue, causing several effects, including: 

  • Chronic inflammation. Senescent cells release pro-inflammatory cytokines (small proteins) that provoke low-grade, chronic inflammation throughout the body that damages tissues and therefore can accelerate the aging process. 
  • Tissue dysfunction. These cells compromise tissue structure and function, contributing to signs of aging like organ degradation or dysfunction and skin wrinkles. 
  • Stem cell impairment. The toxic secretions from zombie cells can compromise nearby stem cells, reducing the body's ability to repair and regenerate tissues. 
  • Metabolic disruption. Senescent cells alter metabolic signals, causing insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. 

Methods to Eliminate Senescent Cells

Let's consider some common methods for eliminating senescent cells. 

Natural Ways to Reduce Senescent Cells

Fortunately, several natural approaches show promise for eliminating zombie cells, including: 

  • Exercise: Regular physical activity may help reduce senescent cells. Exercise activates the body's natural cellular cleanup process — called autophagy — which helps clear out damaged cellular material. 
  • Intermittent fasting and caloric restriction: These dietary approaches trigger a cellular stress response that seems to enhance the body's ability to divide and clean up cells. 
  • Natural senolytic compounds: Certain plant compounds have 'senolytic' properties, or the ability to selectively eliminate zombie cells, including
    • Quercetin, which is found in foods like apples, berries and onions.
    • Fisetin, which is found in strawberries and other fruits. 
    • EGCG, which is found in green tea. 
    • Resveratrol, which is found in foods like grapes and red wine.  

Medications and Clinical Trials Targeting Zombie Cells

The area of senolytics, or drugs that target and eliminate zombie cells, has been expanding in recent years. Medications that have shown promise so far include

  • Dasatinib and Quercetin (D+Q). This combination of an existing cancer drug and a natural compound has been found to be effective at combating senescent cells in early human trials. In one study with patients who had diabetic kidney disease, D+Q treatment reduced senescent cell quantity and improved overall health. 
  • ABT263 (Navitoclax). This drug has shown effects targeting senescent cells in lab studies. 

Though these treatments are still in early clinical trials, the field is advancing with much more research underway.

The Role of the Immune System in Clearing Senescent Cells

The immune system plays an important role in clearing senescent cells. But with age or certain conditions, the body's ability to effectively do so may worsen.

Scientists have identified various immune cell types that combat varying zombie cells, including natural killer (NK) cells, which recognize these cells through specialized receptors and kill them via toxic cells, especially in the liver.

Macrophages, meanwhile, remove zombie cells particularly after childbirth, while T cells do so by recognizing specific antigens. 

The Connection Between Senescent Cells and Aging-Related Diseases

In addition to contributing to organ aging, zombie cell accumulation can contribute to a number of conditions, including

  • Cardiovascular disease: Senescent cells in blood vessel walls promote atherosclerosis and vascular stiffening. 
  • Neurodegenerative disorders: Brain accumulation of senescent cells contributes to neuroinflammation and cognitive decline.
  • Osteoarthritis: Senescent cells in joints secrete factors that break down cartilage and promote pain.
  • Diabetes: Senescent fat cells contribute to insulin resistance and chronic inflammation.

What Foods Help Get Rid of Senescent Cells?

Certain foods contain natural compounds that can help eliminate zombie cells, including

  • Berries and fruits: 
    • Strawberries (fisetin)
    • Apples and onions (quercetin)
    • Grapes (resveratrol). 
  • Green tea (EGCG). 
  • Cruciferous vegetables (sulforaphane)
  • Nuts and seeds rich in omega-3 fatty acids. 

How to Support the Body's Natural Cell Renewal Process

According to 2023 research, key strategies to enhance cellular renewal include: 

  • Optimize autophagy through intermittent fasting. 
  • Consume antioxidant-rich foods. 
  • Get regular exercise. 
  • Prioritize quality sleep. 

Final Thoughts on Longevity and Cellular Health

The discovery of zombie cells has drastically changed the public understanding of aging. 

While research on targeting zombie cells directly continues to evolve, maintaining overall cellular health remains vital for longevity. Though there aren't yet products on the market that have been proven to eliminate zombie cells directly, there are some key, tested ingredients that can bolster overall cell health and may protect against senescent cell accumulation. 

For example, certain supplements support foundational aspects of cellular function, including phosphatidylcholine for cell membrane integrity, and fish oil for creating a healthy inflammation response, which has been shown to help prevent zombie cell growth. Meanwhile, butyrate has also been shown to support cellular metabolism and potentially improve senescence pathways in the body. 

Learn more about how these supplements can complement your approach to healthy aging

Rather than viewing aging as an inevitable decline of physical health, the potential to continue to eliminate senescent cells throughout one's lifetime can mean healthier organs, reduced risk of disease, and an overall healthier, happier quality of life for years to come. 

 

References

Brüwer, J. D., Sidhu, C., Zhao, Y., Eich, A., Rößler, L., Orellana, L. H., & Fuchs, B. M. (2024). Globally occurring pelagiphage infections create ribosome-deprived cells. Nature Communications, 15, 3715.   https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48172-w 

Childs, B. G., Durik, M., Baker, D. J., & van Deursen, J. M. (2015). Cellular senescence in aging and age-related disease: from mechanisms to therapy. Nature Medicine, 21(12), 1424-1435.   https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.4000 

Finch, C. E. (2024). Senolytics and cell senescence: historical and evolutionary perspectives. Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health, 12(1), 82-85.   https://doi.org/10.1093/emph/eoae007 

Lee, E., Carreras-Gallo, N., Lopez, L., Turner, L., Lin, A., Mendez, T. L., Went, H., Tomusiak, A., Verdin, E., Corley, M., Ndhlovu, L., Smith, R., & Dwaraka, V. B. (2024). Exploring the effects of Dasatinib, Quercetin, and Fisetin on DNA methylation clocks: A longitudinal study on senolytic interventions. Aging, 16(4), 3088-3106.   https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.205581 

Prata, L., Ovsyannikova, I. G., Tchkonia, T., & Kirkland, J. L. (2019). Senescent cell clearance by the immune system: Emerging therapeutic opportunities. Seminars in Immunology, 40, 101275.   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smim.2019.04.003 

Song, P., An, J., & Zou, M. H. (2020). Immune clearance of senescent cells to combat ageing and chronic diseases. Cells, 9, 671.   https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9030671 

Maduro, A. T., Luís, C., & Soares, R. (2021). Ageing, cellular senescence and the impact of diet: An overview. Porto Biomedical Journal, 6(1), e120.   https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000120 

Martel, J., Ojcius, D. M., & Young, J. D. (2023). Lifestyle interventions to delay senescence. Biomedical Journal, 47(2), 100676.   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bj.2023.100676 

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